Well actually that's the counter-intuitive part of all of this, and something I didn't learn at medical school but only after actually entering this area:
It's actually much more common for a bulging disc to repair itself and then go essentially back to normal. It doesn't always result in an area of weakness that will continue to cause problems down the track.
The reasons are not entirely clear to me why some people recover really well and others go on to have chronic pain and trouble, but nonetheless that is what happens.
Keep in mind that people who have terrible trouble and ongoing pain are much more likely to get an initial scan and then follow up imaging, so maybe that warps the view that the bulge will never get better? There are published studies on people who have recovered clinically and their follow up scans return to baseline.
And spinal surgery is far from a risk-free thing and can cause chronic pain in itself - I would never advocate surgery just on the "what if" that the bulge may return and cause pain again - each episode has to be assessed on its merits before a fairly serious procedure is undertaken.
Never underestimate the body's capability for self-healing. And never underestimate the medical profession's ability to worsen things by intervening (despite good intentions). The evidence in backs is clear - there is only a small minority of people who need intervention, and the whole point of this whole line of chat is that most people can avoid even the MRI scan if there's no clinical features of nerve compromise. It's a terrible thing to over-investigate, find a disc bulge that was never going to cause problems, and then perform a risky inappropriate procedure to 'fix' it.
Interesting.. Now it's been a few years since I bought one, how much is a script pad worth and would you prefer PayPal or cash up front