All arching the back does is decrease the range of motion. This is why it is safer. If your range of motion is such that your shoulders will not be in a bad position then you will not get injured
Rippetoe said:The vertical bar path would be the default best mechanical situation, since anything other than a straight vertical line involves a moment around the joint in question that has to be handled. This eats up force that could otherwise be used to move the bar. So if we were perfect creatures, the bar would travel directly over the shoulder joints. But this interferes with our anatomical limitations -- the rotator cuff muscles are impinged with the humerus is at 90 degrees to the torso, the position in which the bar is plumb to the glenoid. At the top in the lockout position this is where the bar is carried, but as it drops down to the chest, the elbows must drop into less than90 degrees so that the shoulders don't impinge. Let's put them at 75 degrees. This then places the bar about 2" down the sternum from a point parallel with the glenoids. This displacement is necessary for the safety of the shoulders, but it comes at the expense of a 2" moment arm between the bar and the shoulder joint. It also results in a non-vertical bar path, the shape of which varies but straight lines are better.
Now, an experienced bencher with a flexible upper back can return most of the verticality to the bar path by squeezing the scapulas together and arching the back up into a position that drags the glenoids back up under the sternum. This allows the humerus to operate at that 75 degree angle and still lets you use a nearly vertical bar path. That why squeezing the chest up and the scapulas together works so well -- it improves the mechanics of the shoulder under the bar while letting the bar path shorten and the shoulder joint stay safer.
emu