I'm not arguing that stressing your body won't make you stronger, but that the stress has to be within a limit to enable adaptation.
It just has to be below the level that'll injure you.
The programme drawn up by Markos that has been posted in this thread strikes me as too much stress.
I'd respond that you never know until you try. I could point to the fact that Markos' outline here is essentially what was offered back 60-70 years ago by prominent strongmen and bodybuilders. Something like that went out as a brochure with the York barbell and plate set in the 1930s, which you can see
here. This sort of approach has helped many people build a lot of basic strength and muscle.
But really you never know until you try. My caution would be that when you begin a programme of resistance training, you are going to have all sorts of aches and pains and twinges pop up. You may mistake these for injury. So long as the pain doesn't restrict movement, it's likely not injury - it's just muscles being worked that haven't been worked before, your body saying "mate what the hell are you doing?!" This passes after the first couple of weeks, and should not be mistaken for "this is too much for me."
whilst Rippetoe advises the trainee to bench and press on alternate days and only to deadlift 3 times a fortnight, Markos is telling us (if I've got this right) to do all of these every training session. This is where I'm scratching my head. Why the difference in approach?
Notice the rep ranges are different. Let's imagine that you bench press 40kg, and can lift it 12 times, but not a 13th time. Now we make it 50kg, which you can lift 8 times. Now 55kg, and you can only bench it 5 times.
Pushing up 40kg x12 is different to pushing up 55kg x5. The higher reps draw more on your muscular endurance and less on your strength compared to the lower reps. After 1 minute or so you could bench 40kg x12 again. If you tried to bench 55kg x5 again after a minute, you'd probably fail, only getting 2-3 reps. After 3-5 minutes' rest, you could do 55kg x5, though.
Similarly, you require less rest from one day to the next with higher reps. After a weight training workout you'll typically have muscle soreness the day after. This soreness comes about because you've been contracting your muscles against resistance, and they tear a little bit - like a rope fraying under strain. The next day the body starts repairing the tears, and there's inflammation - thus the soreness.
With 5 rep efforts you get more muscle tearing. This makes sense if you see someone doing a 5 rep max compared to a 12 rep max. The movements are slower and more stressful to the muscles' strength. So the day after a SS workout you'll be more sore than the day after a workout like this one. Thus, you need more rest, so Rippetoe and Kilgore have the exercises swapped around a bit.
Remember also that you're not starting with some huge weight in these exercises. Are you really telling me that you would be smashed from the PTC workout... using just the bar? Surely not. Begin with just the bar, next session add a few kgs, and so on. By the time you get to weights that challenge you, you'll be physically ready for that challenge.
In the end it doesn't matter a great deal for a beginner just which routine you do. Your body adapts because it's asked to do more than it was doing before. A beginner was doing nothing, so anything is more.
What's important is that every workout has something for legs, a pull and a push. A deep knee-bend, pick something heavy up off the ground and put something heavy overhead - this phrasing is stolen from Markos but the concept of legs, pull, push is widespread and quite old. If in every workout you do legs, pull, push, then you work legs, back and biceps/forearms, chest and shoulders/triceps. Abs and lower back get worked by having good posture and bracing during those other movements.
As for rep ranges, again for the beginner it's not that important. What's important is to do more in every workout - more weight, more reps or more sets. If you wanted to, your first workout could be [notation is Exercise Weight Sets x Reps],
Bench 20kg 1x1, Squat 20kg 1x1, Deadlift 20kg 1x1
then in your second workout, you have to add weight, reps or sets to each one. For example,
Bench 25kg 1x1, Squat 20kg 1x2, Deadlift 20kg 2x1
then your next,
Bench 25kg 1x2, Squat 20kg 2x2, Deadlift 25kg 2x1
and so on and so forth. This would be a very weak and slow start, but it doesn't matter so long as you do more in every session, you get to the same place in the end anyway. It just takes you a month or two longer because you had a slow start. Eventually you reach something like,
Bench 50kg 3x6, Squat 70kg 2x15, Deadlift 100kg 3x5
or some other rep and set range, depending on what you find comfortable and safe. Now, I would not start with just a single rep and set of this, you could do more than that. But if you
did start like that, so long as you did more in every session you'd get to the same place in the end.
Some of the old books by guys like Sandow (1890s strongman) would have you do 15 different dumbell exercises, doing 1 set of each in the first month, 2 sets in the second month, and 3 sets in the third month. And that works, too. Same again - more weight, more reps or more sets.
The Chinese have a couple of relevant sayings.
The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step, and
he who deliberates too long before taking the first step will be lefting standing on one leg. So choose a workout routine, whichever you think looks good, start with just the bar, do the routine regularly and frequently, and stick with it - always adding weight, reps or sets.
Don't overthink it. Just get your body moving, and get it moving against resistance. There is no One True Perfect workout, all that matters is that you work your whole body in the workout, and that you progress the effort.
Where are you in this wide brown land of ours, Nic? This sht really makes no sense on paper or screen, it's a simple and practical thing - pick up something heavy, put it down again. It makes more sense once you get under the bar and start doing it. Depending where you are, we might have someone on the board who could work with you. Makes much much more sense once you do it.